Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been making strides in the field of drug discovery, and DeepMind's AI model AlphaFold has made significant contributions. In 2020, AlphaFold managed to predict the structures of almost the entire human genome, a groundbreaking achievement that allows a better understanding of protein activity and their potential role in diseases. This is…
Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a technique that encourages artificial intelligence (AI) to generate high rewards by aligning large language models (LLMs) with a reward model based on human preferences. However, it is beset by several challenges, such as the limiting of fine-tuning processes to small datasets, the risk of AI exploiting flaws…
Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) uses a reward model trained on human preferences to align large language models (LLMs) with the aim of optimizing rewards. Yet, there are issues such as the model becoming too specialized, the potential for the LLM to exploit flaws in the reward model, and a reduction in output variety.…
The intersecting potential of AI systems and high-performance computing (HPC) platforms is becoming increasingly apparent in the scientific research landscape. AI models like ChatGPT, developed on the basis of transformer architecture and with the ability to train on extensive amounts of internet-scale data, have laid the groundwork for significant scientific breakthroughs. These include black hole…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated transformative potential in scientific research, particularly when scalable AI systems are applied to high-performance computing (HPC) platforms. This necessitates the integration of large-scale computational resources with expansive datasets to tackle complex scientific problems.
AI models like ChatGPT serve as exemplars of this transformative potential. The success of these models can…
Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are tested rigorously before their release to ensure they cannot be used for dangerous activities like bioterrorism or manipulation. Such safety measures are essential as powerful AI systems are coded to reject commands that may harm them, unlike less potent open-source models. However, researchers from UC Berkeley recently found that guaranteeing…
Machine learning pioneer Hugging Face has launched Transformers version 4.42, a meaningful update to its well-regarded machine-learning library. Significant enhancements include the introduction of several advanced models, improved tool and retrieval-augmented generation support, GGUF fine-tuning, and quantized KV cache incorporation among other enhancements.
The release features the addition of new models like Gemma 2, RT-DETR, InstructBlip,…
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are crucial tools for combining the capabilities of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision, which are needed to analyze visual and textual data. Particularly useful for interpreting complex charts in scientific, financial, and other documents, the prime challenge lies in improving these models to understand and interpret charts accurately.…
In the rapidly advancing field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), evaluating the outputs of models accurately becomes a complex task. State-of-the-art AI systems such as GPT-4 are using Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) which implies human judgement is used to guide the training process. However, as AI models become intricate, even experts find it challenging…
The field of research that aims to enhance large multimodal models (LMMs) to effectively interpret long video sequences faces challenges stemming from the extensive amount of visual tokens vision encoders generate. These visual tokens pile up, particularly with LLaVA-1.6 model, which generates between 576 and 2880 visual tokens for one image, a number that significantly…
Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and Google's DeepMind have developed a novel approach for training visual-language models (VLMs) called In-Context Abstraction Learning (ICAL). Unlike traditional methods, ICAL guides VLMs to build multimodal abstractions in new domains, allowing machines to better understand and learn from their experiences.
This is achieved by focusing on four cognitive abstractions,…
Prompt engineering is an essential tool in optimizing the potential of AI language models like ChatGPT. It involves the intentional design and continuous refinement of input prompts to direct the model's output. The strength of a prompt greatly affects the AI's ability to provide relevant and coherent responses, assisting the model in understanding the context…